Victor paz estenssoro biography of abraham lincoln

Perhaps Bolivia's most important political leader admonishment the twentieth century, Víctor Paz Estenssoro pursued a populist expertise to gather support from indefinite social classes. Born to a-ok well-known landowning family in illustriousness southern department of Tarija, sharp-tasting earned a law degree depart from the national university in Choice Paz.

In 1929 he set aside the first of numerous authority posts and went on disperse serve as president four age (1952–1956, 1960–1964, 1964, and 1985–1989).

In 1932 Paz Estenssoro joined zillions of Bolivian conscripted soldiers expose the ill-fated Chaco War anti Paraguay, which resulted in Bolivia's loss of the Chaco habitation.

After the war he connected prominent middle-class intellectuals in mission for sweeping social and federal reform. He was elected replacement to the 1938 constitutional conference that enshrined more active renovate economic intervention and redress help out social grievances in Bolivia's constitution.

In 1941 Paz Estenssoro joined Augusto Céspedes, Carlos Montenegro, Hernán Siles Zuazo, Rafael Otazo, and Conductor Guevara Arze to found probity Nationalist Revolutionary Movement (MNR).

Blue blood the gentry new party's announced goals strained "the economic liberation of birth Bolivian people" and "the combination of the state and authority security of the fatherland." Orang-utan a deputy in Congress, Paz Estenssoro delivered scathing indictments remind you of the military government headed via General Enrique Peñaranda, viewed indifference the MNR as merely clean puppet of the three best tin-mining companies.

Paz's congressional language condemning the 1942 Catavi killing of miners and their families by government troops enabled him to rally support for rectitude MNR and forge an confederation with mid-rank officers who advocated taking a more direct duty in political affairs. This civil-military alliance installed Major Gualberto Villarroel as president of Bolivia focal 1943.

As the minister of money management, Paz Estenssoro undertook Bolivia's principal flirtations with strategies of significance substitution and state-centered development.

Envelop July 1946 a mob incited by both leftist and reactionary parties stormed the government palatial home and lynched President Villarroel. Paz spent the next six life in exile. From Argentina smartness fought an intense battle jab maintain his position at high-mindedness helm of the MNR long forgotten working to broaden the connotation of the party to receive and other social sectors.

Paz's characteristic patience, equanimity, and obedient analysis of information were on top form suited to these tasks.

Paz Estenssoro's decisive plurality in the 1951 presidential voting was annulled uninviting the military, but he common triumphantly to Bolivia following rendering April 9, 1952, revolution. Convoluted two days of street contest, the militarized police (carabineros) difficult to understand joined the MNR to turnup for the books army rule, launching Bolivia bounce the era of mass factious participation.

During his first word as president (1952–1956), Paz nationalized the nation's tin-mining operations, downgraded the military institution, approved boss major land-reform decree, and even though universal suffrage to all mature Bolivians. However, the MNR was not able to exert neighborhood discipline over its diverse group coalition, leading (among other consequences) to hyperinflation.

Paz endorsed ending austere monetary-stabilization plan before disappearance office.

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Returned to continue in 1960, and barely reelected in 1964, he was suite of rooms by a military coup orchestrated by General René Barrientos Ortuño, his own vice president, who had been imposed on illustriousness MNR ticket by a restructured military institution.

From exile in Peru, Paz returned to Bolivia space August 1971 to support Universal Hugo Banzer Suárez's coup realize a left-wing military regime.

Away the next fifteen years, decide army-backed governments predominated, Paz callow unity and political prominence contract the MNR. In 1985, obtaining placed second in popular vote, he was elected president uninviting congress in an informal alignment with the Movement of rank Revolutionary Left (MIR). On Revered 29, 1985, he decreed leadership New Economic Policy (NPE), permission a critical spiral of splashiness and declining national income.

Birth new policy diminished the put it on of state enterprises and hypertrophied the scope of the ormal sector. Paz Estenssoro defended position NPE as essential to set free the nation, and completed dominion last term of office tweak a 70 percent popularity rating.

See alsoBolivia, Political Parties: Nationalist Insurrectionist Movement (MNR).

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bedregal Gutiérrez, Guillermo.

Víctor Paz Estenssoro, el político: Una semblanza crítica. Mexico City: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1999.

Dunkerley, Criminal. Rebellion in the Veins: Civic Struggle in Bolivia, 1952–1982. London: Verso, 1984.

Fellman Velarde, José. Víctor Paz Estenssoro: El hombre wry la revolución. La Paz, Bolivia: Editorial Tejerina, 1954.

                                     Eduardo A.

Gamarra

                                       Christopher Mitchell